Judaism in Europe has a long history, beginning with the conquest of the Eastern Mediterranean by Pompey in 63 BCE, thus beginning the History of the Jews in the Roman Empire, though likely Alexandrian Jews had migrated to Rome slightly before Pompey's conquest of the East.The pre-World War II population of the Jews of Europe is estimated at close to 9 million. It is believed that around 6,000,000 Jews died in the era of the Shoah (the Jewish Holocaust) of 1933-1945. Further population drain is due to emigration, and the current Jewish population of Europe is estimated at ca. 2 million (0.3%), composed ofAshkenazi Jews (about 1.4 million, mainly in France, Germany, Russia, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, Hungary and Belgium)Sephardi Jews (about 0.4 million, mainly in France, Turkey, Greece and Bosnia and Herzegovina)Mizrahi Jews (about 0.3 million, mainly in France, Georgia and the United Kingdom)Turkish Jews (some 250,000, also known as Djudios Turkos, with minorities of some 20,000 Selaniklis and 25,000 Sephardics)Italian Jews (some 45,000, mostly Italian)Romaniotes (some 6,000, mostly Greek)Georgian Jews (some 8,500, mostly in Georgia, Russia and Belgium)Armenian Jews (some 750, mostly in Armenia)Crimean Karaites (some 1,500, mainly in Ukraine, Lithuania and Poland)Krymchaks (Jews of Turkic descent in Crimea; some 2000, mainly in Ukraine, Georgia and Russia)↑
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