Weathering is a set of physical, chemical and biological processes that alter the physical and chemical state of rocks and soil at or near the Earth’s surface.Chemical weatheringis the process by which rocks are decomposed, dissolved or loosened by chemical processes to form residual . Chemical reactions break down the bonds holding the rocks together, causing them to fall apart into smaller and smaller pieces. Weathering causeserosion, the process ofthese rockparticles being carried away and deposited in other level places.Chemical weathering is much more common in locations where there is a lot of water,because water is important to many of the chemical reactions that can take place. The most common types of chemical weathering are oxidation, hydrolysis and carbonation.This science fair project focuses on the carbonation weathering process by which dissolved carbon dioxide in rainwater or moisture in surrounding air forms carbonic acid which reacts with the minerals (calcium carbonate) in some rocks, softeningthem and making it easier for other forces to break the rocks apart.Carbonated wateris simply water that has had pressurized carbon dioxide forced into it. The liquid is usually kept pressurized in its container to prevent the carbon dioxide from escaping the liquid, but once the pressure is gone (i.e. the container is opened) the carbon dioxide escapes, causing the liquid to bubble. Carbonated water is used in soft drinks, club soda, and seltzer water.

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