Philippe Soupault (2 August 1897, Chaville, Hauts-de-Seine ? 12 March 1990, Paris) was a French writer and poet, novelist, critic, and political activist. He was active in Dadaism and later founded the Surrealist movement with Andr? Breton. Soupault initiated the periodical Litt?rature together with the writers Breton and Louis Aragon in Paris in 1919, which, for many, marks the beginnings of Surrealism. The first book of automatic writing, Les champs magn?tiques (1920), was co-authored by Soupault and Breton. He directed Radio Tunis from 1937 to 1940, when he was arrested by the pro-Vichy regime. He fled successfully to Algiers.After imprisonment by the Nazis during World War II, Soupault traveled to the United States, teaching at Swarthmore College but returned subsequently to France in October 1945. His works include such large volumes of poetry as Aquarium (1917) and Rose des vents [compass card] (1920) and the novel Les Derni?res Nuits de Paris (1928; tr. Last Nights of Paris, 1929).In 1957 he wrote the libretto for Germaine Tailleferre's Opera La Petite Sir?ne, based on Hans Christian Andersen's tale "The Little Mermaid". The work was broadcast by French Radio National in 1959.In 1990, the year Soupault died, Serbian rock band Bjesovi recorded their version of his poem Georgia in Serbian.Soupault's short story "Death of Nick Carter" was translated by Robin Walz in 2007, and published in issue 24 of the McSweeney's Quarterly.
Birth date
1897-08-02
Birth year
1897
Death date
1990-03-12
Death year
1990
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