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History of Crimea

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History of Crimea

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The recorded history of the Crimean Peninsula, historically known as Tauris or Tauric Chersonese (?e?s???s?? ?a????? "Tauric Peninsula"), begins around the 5th century BC when several Greek colonies were established along its coast. Crimea since that time has endured a long series of conquests and invasions; by the early medieval period it had been settled by Scythians (Scytho-Cimmerians, Tauri), Greeks, Romans, Goths, Huns, Bulgars, Kipchaks and Khazars.In the medieval period, it was acquired partly by Kievan Rus' and partly by Byzantium, but fell to the Mongol invasions as part of the Golden Horde. In the 13th century, it was partly controlled by the Venetians and by the Genovese. They were followed by the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire in the 15th to 18th centuries. The modern history of Crimea begins with the annexation by the Russian Empire in 1783. In 1921 the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created. This republic was dissolved in 1945, and the Crimea became a province first of the Russian SSR (1945-1954) and then the Ukrainian SSR (1954-1991). Since 1991 it has had the status of an Autonomous Republic within Ukraine until its annexation by the Russian Federation in the 2014 Crimean Crisis.