The Irish Confederate Wars, also called the Eleven Years' War (derived from the Irish language name Cogadh na hAon Bhliana Déag), took place in Ireland between 1641 and 1653. It was the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms – a series of civil wars in the kingdoms of Ireland, England and Scotland (all ruled by Charles I). The war in Ireland began with a rebellion in 1641 by Irish Catholics, who tried to seize control of the English administration in Ireland to force concessions for Catholics. This developed into an ethnic conflict between Gaelic Irish and old English Catholics on one side, and English and Scottish Protestant colonists on the other. Catholic leaders formed the Irish Catholic Confederation in 1642, which controlled most of Ireland and was loosely aligned with the Royalists. The Confederates and Royalists fought against the English Parliamentarians and Scottish Covenanters. In 1649, a Parliamentarian army led by Oliver Cromwell invaded Ireland and by 1653 had conquered the island. The war was both a religious and an ethnic conflict – fought over who would govern Ireland, whether it would be governed from England, which ethnic and religious group would own most of the land, and which religion would predominate in the country. It was the most destructive conflict in Irish history.
Causalties
(by 1660)
(from war-related famine or disease)
12,000 transported to West Indies
200,000+ civilians
25,000+ battlefield casualties
Combatant
Royalists
Confederate Ireland
Parliamentarians
(allied with Irish Confederates 1648–1650)
(allied with Royalists 1648–1650)
Commander
http://didactalia.net/items/OfficeHolder_23822c9a-6bb9-410f-8c62-18b59fba3a6c_25353097-69ca-49b7-b732-55229a1b9645
http://didactalia.net/items/OfficeHolder_eaeff12c-5e7f-4818-84cb-0d0047fdc1b3_a1850e4f-1315-473b-bc7a-4e22f50e7917
http://didactalia.net/items/Dbpedia_b1fd7ebb-5c84-4e71-bcee-382c040ebbd9_b314b92d-8d4e-4dd8-b06f-1d02a20369e8
http://didactalia.net/items/Politician_7a53b65c-cc26-4200-8d9b-913d79ba05c4_8bf7d70a-dda9-4d4b-a59a-14f3cf60183f
Notes
Total: 200,000–620,000 killed
Result
English Parliamentarian victory
* Parliamentarian conquest of Ireland, defeat of the Royalists and crushing of Irish Catholic power.
Strength
Several thousand
10,000 soldiers
(before 1649)
(incl. guerrillas)
20,000 at any one time
30,000 soldiers (after 1649)
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