English words of Greek origin

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English words of Greek origin

Definition

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The Greek language has contributed to the English vocabulary in five main ways: vernacular borrowings, transmitted through Vulgar Latin directly into Old English e.g. 'butter' (Old English butere < Latin butyrum < βούτυρον), or through French, e.g. 'ochre'. learned borrowings from classical Greek, e.g. 'physics' (< Latin physica < Greek τα φυσικά); a few borrowings via Arabic scientific and philosophical writing, e.g. alchemy (< χημεία); coinages in post-classical Latin or modern languages using classical Greek roots, e.g. 'telephone' (< τῆλε + φωνή) or a mixture of Greek and other roots, e.g. 'television' (< Greek τῆλε + English vision < Latin visio); these are often shared among the modern European languages; direct borrowings from Modern Greek, e.g. bouzouki. The post-classical coinages are by far the most numerous of these.

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